Biliran is subdivided into 8 municipalities. All the municipalities except Maripipi are located on Biliran Island while Maripipi is an island municipality located to the northwest. The largest is Naval, the capital. The smallest is Maripipi.

Biliran is one of the smallest provinces in the Philippines and it is located in the Eastern Visayas region. An island province, Biliran lies just a few kilometers north of the island of Leyte. Its capital is Naval and for a time, Biliran was part of the province of Leyte until it became independent in 1992.

Demographics. Based on the May 2000 census, Biliran has a total population of 140,274, which makes it the fifth least populous province in the country, and the smallest in the region. There are 27,907 households in the province with an average size of 5.02 persons, slightly higher than the national average of 4.99.

Languages. The inhabitants of Biliran primarily speak Cebuano and Waray. Cebuano, spoken by 57.79% of the population is found mainly on the western area of the island, nearest Cebu, while Waray-Waray spoken by 40.80% can be found on the eastern portion. Majority of the residents also speak and understand Tagalog and English.

The economy of Biliran is largely into fishing. Most of its towns, especially Naval and Biliran, have excellent seaports. There are 95 hectares of brackish water fishponds which produce prawns, shrimps and milkfish. Another 30 hectares of seawater are suitable for seaweed farming and 10 more hectares for fishcage culture.

Being mountainous, Biliran can support various agricultural crops. The warm lowlands are conducive to palay production and other tropical crops. The cool highlands are favorable to high-value crops such as cutflowers and varieties of vegetable traditionally grown in Baguio City or Tagaytay City.

The inhabitants also engage in hunting, lumber, and manufacturing. The principal raw material produced is copra and coconut oil. Processed goods include white clay ceramics, dried fish, raw gulaman, and citronella oil.

The untapped natural resources of the island include geothermal power and the abundant sulfur and gypsum deposits.
Municipalities of Biliran
Almeria - Biliran - Cabucgayan - Caibiran - Culaba - Kawayan - Maripipi - Naval